Ski lacquer



plied "to such coats.

suitable for some conditions of snow was Patented Jan. 17, 1950 huireo STAT.

I FFl-CE SKI LACQUER Theodore A.:Bissel,1Hartford, and Isaac Laird Nowell, Wethersfield, Conn, assignors to United Aircraft Corporation, East Hartford, Conn., a

corporation of Delaware N Drawing. Application August 9, 1946, Serial No. 689,522

-compositionof the present inventionis of such a character that it adheres to the skis and prevents snow and ice from accumulating thereon.

The composition :of the present invention operatesas a lubricant or parting agent as it adheres tothe bottoms :ofthe skis, thus providing a smooth surfacewhich slidesover-the snow with out permitting the .snowto adhere thereto. The

accumulation :of snow and ice on skis which would .hinder smooth and even travel ,thereover is obviated by applying this lacquer or composition to the skis.

.Heretofore pitches and waxes of different-sorts .have been applied to skis in an effort to enable them to slide on the wow more easily Without permitting the snow to sticker adhere to the skis. It is ,wellknownthat when snow-or ice ad- Iheres to sk s their gliding ormovement overthe snow is retarded.

Lacquers (properly so called) have been used as a base .coaton skis and waxes .have been ap- It has been found that waxes-which improved the skis for snow incertain conditionswereunsuitable or of little use where the snow wasin a different condition due to the weather or atmospheric effects.

'Also, it has -beenfound that a wax that was unsuitable for other conditions of the snow. For example, paraffin wax onskis is suitable in dry snow where th temperature is as low as about F. tof32'F.,but-comesofi when the weather is-warm enoughfor-thesnow to bewet. On-the other hand, soft pitch on skis is suitable for wet snow but the skis will not slide satisfactorily in snow where the temperature islow enough to cause the snow to be in the form of a dry powder.

Lacquers .alone applied to skis have not -produced ggood skiing under .all conditions so that waxing ofpthe skis was also neededrfor somestypes of snow. Waxes aloneappliedito skis are not satisfactory because they do not adhere strongly and must be renewed frequently. A mixture of lacquer and waxes seemed to be necessary for a good skiing surface, :but until :now mixtures of W2.XS :and lacquers have produced non-drying, weak andnoneadherent films entirely .unsuitahle for skiing. -Waxes and lacquers would be classed asineompatible.

We have found :that certain chemical compounds will act .as .hlendingagents when added to mixtures of lacquers and waxes and make these heretofore incompatible materials combine to produce a composition especially adaptable for a skiing surface.

The desired coating for skis is obtained by incorporating a compound of the group which comprises salts of the esters of sulfo-succinic acids with a mixture of waxes and a lacquer which is a solution of an organic plastic material in an organic solvent. The organic plastic materials which have been found suitable for this purpose are nitro-cellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, and mixtures of the same. These compositions give a coating material that (a) adheres tenaciously to wood and metal; (b) :has

excellent endurance since it resists abrasion by water, wet and dry snow; (-0) .has a low-coefiicient of friction against'either wet or dry-snow;

and (12) its coefficient of friction with either'wet or dry snow is nearly the same.

The salts of the esters of sulfo-succim'c acid apparently not only act as plasticizers for the coating compositions, but also as'blending agents for the waxes, thus making them compatible with the vehicles chosen. Among the sulfo-succinic acids, th salts of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid have been found to be satisfactory and of these the calcium and barium salts appear to be especially suitable.

Our composition, while especially suitable for use on the running surfaces of skis is not .-restricted to this use. For instance, its special qualities such as erosion resistance make it suitable for use on air foil sections such as propellers. Its .waxyrsurface with low coefiicient of friction makes it suitable for use as a furniture lacquer. Other uses will become apparentor will-be found obvious from the properties of our composition.

The following are given as specific examples of the invention-theparts being by weight.

Example I 10.0 parts by weight of 20% acetate solution of second R. S. nitrocellulose 1.5 parts by weight of a 50% ethyl alcohol solution of the calcium salt of dioctyl sulio-succinic acid 10.0 parts by weight of toluene .35 part by weight of bayberry wax.

Example II 90.0 parts by weight phenolic resin (liquid) 6.34 parts by weight'barium salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid 3.36 parts by weight bayberry wax.

Example III 67.0 parts by weight of nitrocellulose lacquer 0.85 part by weight of barium salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid 0.35 part by weight of bayberry wax.

If the data given in Examples I to VII above be charted so as to indicate the several constituents in groups and to indicate the proportions of the constituents in one group to others, the data will appear substantially as shown on the chart below:

o '5 "a o a) g do: a is Essa E; s as 33 l ss. 3 33 .8 3 W $3 2 Remarks Q .2 .e gi .QQA .05; .o'; g 3% "5'3: gl; g a: m spears v.52 5 eglgrg g mg: s E6153; E1513 'sa dew r. 2?;5583 o. a e. a. c. 5 2 E E I .35 .75 2.00 none 3.10 .175 to 1 .47 to 1 .113 to 1. .355 to 1 Nitrocellulose solution contains dry solids salt solution dontains 50% dry solids. II 3.36 6. 34 none. 90.0 99.7 none .53 to 1.. .034 to l .097 to 1. This example not covered by claims as there is no nitrocellulose. III .35 unknown unknown. .41 to 1 unknown. unknown. I .33 do do .17 to 1 .do o V .37 13.0 062 to l .587 to 1. .028 to 1- .077 to 1... VI 3.36 unknown none .53 to 1 unknown unknown Nrt covered by claims as xamp e VIL- .30 7.79 .090 to 1 .43 to 1 .039 to 1 .13 to 1 Ratio shellac to total solids .11 to 1.

Example IV 670 parts by weight of nitrocellulose lacquer 1.9 parts by weight of calcium salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinio acid 0.33 part by Weight of parafiin wax.

Example V 6 parts by weight of nitrocellulosesecond 3 parts by weight of alkyd resinacid No. 27-37 softening point 140-150 C.

3 parts by weight of shellac (dewaxed) 0.63 part by weight of barium salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid 0.37 part by weight of microwax 20 parts by weight of toluene 20 parts by weight of ethyl acetate 20 parts by weight of alcohol parts by weight of butyl acetate 10 parts by weight of carbon tetrachloride Example VI 90 parts by weight of liquid alkyd resin 6.34 parts by weight of the barium salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid 3.36 parts by weight of paramn wax Example VII 0.70 part by weight of barium salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid 0.20 part by weight of microwax 0.10 part by weight of parafiin Wax 12.48 parts by weight of xylol 31.29 parts by weight of butyl acetate 7.70 parts by weight of ethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether 7.70 parts by weight of carbon tetrachloride 1.72 parts by weight of 48% de-waxed shellac solution in alcohol 2.44 parts by weight of butyl alcohol 3.34 parts by weight of 10 second dry nitrocellulose 13.37 parts by weight of ethyl acetate 5.02 parts by weight of ethyl alcohol 2.32 parts by weight of a hard rosin modified maleic acid synthetic resin 9.21 parts by weight of toluol 2.11 parts by weight of wood alcohol .30 part by weight of dry dye.

When the ratio of total waxes present to the amount by weight of the salt of dioctyl ester of sulfo-succinic acid is calculated from the above examples, it will be found to vary between a minimum of 0.17211 to a maximum of 0.588:1. Similarly calculating the total weight of wax plus the salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid in the above examples in respect to the total solids present in the compositions given in said examples, this Weight of Wax plus salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid (wetting agent) will be found to vary from 7.70% to 35.5%. This calculation is based upon variations in total wax present from a minimum of 2.4% to a maximum of 11.3% and a variation in the amount of the salt of dioctyl sulfo-succinic acid present from a minimum of 4.85% to a maximum of 24.2%. The

percents in all these cases are based upon the total solids and are independent of any solvents present. In all the examples given the organic plastic material constitutes the balance of the solids present. The organic plastic material in the various examples consists of nitrocellulose, other synthetic resins, and shellac, or combinations thereof. The composition given as Example VII is the preferred form in accordance with the present invention.

While certain specific compositions have been given, embodying the invention, other alternatives will occur to those skilled in the art, so that the scope of the invention should be measured by the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A ski lacquer composition, comprising a wax, an alkaline earth metal salt of a dioctyl ester of sulfo-succinic acid, and a nitrocellulose composition, the ratio of the wax to said salt being from about 0.17:1 to about .587 :1, the ratio of waxznitrocellulose being from about .06211 to about .17531, and the total weight percent of said wax plus said salt being from about 7.15% to about 35.5% of the total solids in said composition.

2. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said Wax is a petroleum wax.

3. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1. wherein said wax is parafifin.

4. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1. wherein said wax is microwax.

5. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said wax bayberry wax.

6. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said salt is a barium salt.

7. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said salt is a calcium salt.

3. A ski lacquer composition in accordance with claim 1, containing shellac in the ratio of about 10.6% to about 23% of the total solids.

9. A composition of the character described, consisting of the following materials in the weight proportions given:

Material Parts nitrocellulose-34 second R. S 6 alkyd resin-acid No. 27-37-softening point 140-150 0.. 3 shellac (dewaxed) 3 barium salt of dioctyl ester of sulfo-succinic acid 0. 63 microwain 0. 37 toluene.. 20 ethyl acetate. 20 alcohol 20 butyl nnafn +0 25 carbon tetrachloride 10 10. A composition of the character described consisting of the following materials in the weight proportions given:

Material Parts barium salt of dioetyl ester of sulio-succinio acid 0, 70 microw 0. 20 paraffin wax. 0. l0 xylnl 12. 48 buty] must-ah: 2 ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 7. 70 carbon tetrachloride 7, 70 48% de-waxed shellac solution in alcohol 1. 72 butyl alcohol 2. 44 10 second dry nitrocellulose 3.34 ethyl acetate 13. 37 ethyl alnnh nl 5. 02 hard rosin modified maleic acid resin 2. 32 fnlnnl 9. 21 wogd alnnhn'l 2, 11

dry dyn THEODORE A. DISSEL. ISAAC LAIRD NEWELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Bennett: Commercial Waxes (1944), pages 522 to 525. Copy in Division 64.

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,494,531 January 17, 1950 THEODORE A. DISSEL ET AL. It is hereby certified that errors appear in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 2, line 25, for the Word vehicles read organic plastic material; columns 3 and 4, in the table, third and fourth lines under the heading Remarks, for dontains read contains; column 4, line 68, for 7.15% read 7.7%;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read With these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 9th day of May, A. D. 1950.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents. 

1. A SKI LACQUER COMPOSITION, COMPRISING A WAX, AN ALKALINE EARTH METAL SALT OF A DIOCTYL ESTER OF SULFO-SUCCINIC ACID, AND A NITROCELLULOSE COMPOSITION, THE RATIO OF THE WAX TO SAID SALT BEING FROM ABOUT 0.17:1 TO ABOUT .587:1, THE RATIO OF WAX: NITROCELLULOSE BEING FROM ABOUT .062:1 TO ABOUT .175:1, AND THE TOTAL WEIGHT PERCENT OF SAID WAX PLUS SAID SALT BEING FROM ABOUT 7.15% TO ABOUT 35.5% OF THE TOTAL SOLIDS IN SAID COMPOSITION. 